The temporary interruption of the flow of blood to a limb, e.g. in the case of an injury to an artery
Muscle that works in the same direction of motion
Very tiny parts (wear particles) coming away from the surfaces of an (artificial) joint when it is moving or exposed to strain
Occurring rapidly, suddenly, severely
(Aspirin) is a pain-killer that inhibits inflammation and lowers fever
The movement of a limb towards the median line in the body
Abbreviation for «Arbeitgemeinschaft für Endoprothetik»
The movement of limbs away from the central axis of the body
Abbreviation for "Anschlussheilbehandlung" (clinical rehabilitation treatment), i.e. in-patient treatment after surgery in a specially equipped clinic; the costs are borne by the state pension funds such as the «Landesversicherungsanstalt» (LVA) (Land social insurance office) or the «Bundesversicherungsanstalt für Angestellte» (BfA)(Federal Social Insurance Office for Salaried Employees)
A sensitive and unusual reaction of the organism and its immune system to alien substances such as metals, medicines, pollen etc.
Replacement of the body's own (joint) tissue by artificial material, e.g. an artificial limb
A ceramic material used to make ball heads and cup inserts, chemical formula: Al2 O3
Making numb, deadening (nerves), removing feeling of pain
Pain relief
Medicines that relieve pain
Pain-killer
An abnormal reduction in the number of red blood cells
A patient's medical history
besagt, dass der Beginn einer Bewegung z.B. beim Arthrose-Kranken schmerzhaft ist. Nach einiger Zeit der Bewegung lässt der Schmerz aber nach, da das Gelenk dann genügend „geschmiert" ist.
A resisting or counteracting muscle
Prefix meaning «before», «in front of», «premature»
Moving or bending forwards
Forward rotation, e.g. forward rotation of the neck of the femur via-`s-vis the knee axis
Forward inclination, e.g. forward positioning of the hip cup
Prefix meaning «against»
Medicine to prevent inflammation caused by germs (e.g. bacteria)
Medicines for allergic reactions
Medicines to inhibit inflammation, usually relieving pain and lowering fever as well. These frequently used medicines are also known as nonsteroid antiphlogistica as they differ from hormones that inhibit inflammation such as cortisone and corticoide, both chemically and in terms of their effects. They relieve pain and swelling, thus giving greater mobility to a joint
Medicines that lower fever, usually relieving pain and inhibiting inflammation as well
A medicine for rheumatism that relieves pain and inhibits inflammation
Mineral compound, as found in bones
Scientific association for research and teaching in the field of artificial joints
Means a pain in the joint
This is an inflammation of the joint. It can attack a single joint (monarticular) or several joints (polyarthritis) (see chronic polyarthritis, pcP).
The simultaneous occurrence of certain skin phenomena (psoriasis) and polyarthritis
An inflammation attacking certain joints and leading to gout
The surgical stiffening of a joint
Greek for «joint»
Usually means a disease of the joints, usually arthrosis caused by wear and tear
Correction or restoration of a joint through surgery
A degenerative disease of the joints caused by wear and tear causing a painful change that curtails its functions; it often occurs after many years of engaging in certain forms of highly powered sport
Examination of the inside of the joint with a special optical instrument: to put it in simple terms: a thin tube with a lamp and a magnifying glass (arthroscope)
Concerning a joint
The supple point of connection between bones, joint pair
Sterility, the state of being free of germs, i.e. without bacteria, fungus etc., for example on hands and instruments that come into contact with a wound
Germ-free, not prone to inflammation
Prefix for: self, of one's own accord, own
A combination of various metals with considerably improved properties as compared with pure metals. Thus all hip shafts are made of alloys
Belonging to one's own body, e.g. the transplantation of the body's own bone tissue is known as autologue bone transplantation
means the release of the knee disc from excessive stiffness
A small, insignificant injury
Sagging of the knee-joint capsule into the hollow of the knee, named after the English surgeon, Baker
Conservative types of treatment such as hydrotherapy massages, mud packs, electrotherapy
This is the name given to medicines that are most likely to combat the causes of a disease. They do not take immediate effect, but only after a few weeks and can heal polyarthritis or bring about a long-lasting improvement in the patient's condition. They are not pain-killers in the usual sense of the term.
In this context this means the bearing of an artificial joint
(Morbus Bechterew) is a disease of the spine causing it to stiffen and is caused by a chronic inflammation of the ligaments of the spine
Bundesversicherungsanstalt für Angestellte (Federal Social Insurance Office for Salaried Employees in Germany)
Prefix meaning two, double
Double-headed, double-surfaced as with a knee when both surfaces of the joint are replaced, i.e. both inside and outside (at the femur and at the shinbone)
Compatible with the living body, e.g. plastics and metals that can be implanted into the body
The science of life, science of living creatures
The laws of mechanics as applied to the human body
Abbreviation for «Betriebskrankenkasse» (company health insurance fund); a statutory health insurance scheme in Germany
das zeitweise Abbinden einer Gliedmasse, z.B. bei einer Schlagaderverletzung
englisch: Knochen
The name given to a bony enlargement on the upper side of a centre finger joint that has been altered due to arthrosis. This sometimes painful enlargement has nothing to do with polyarthritis (PcP)
A rapidly hardening plastic on a plexiglass basis to used to anchor artificial joints in the bone. In a viscous state the bone cement penetrates into gaps und cavities in the bone and, after it has hardened, ensures that the implant is firmly anchored
Loss of tissue at bone surfaces near the joints; in an X-ray this is a typical sign of chronic polyarthritis
Jahrzehnt
Gewebeabbau durch Verschleiss, z.B. durch übermässigen oder einseitigen Sport oder durch Alterungsprozesse
Non inflammatory, subject to wear and tear, atrophic
Skin
An elastic bandage for the temporary immobilisation of the shoulder and the arm
Massnahme zur Verminderung der Keimzahl und Abtöten von Krankheitserregern auf Oberflächen; z.B. Haut des Patienten im Operationsgebiet, Hände und Unterarme des Operateurs
Means the destruction of tissue or organs, usually through injury or inflammation
Rubber band to train the muscles
Prefix meaning through, between, apart
Recognising and putting a name to (a disease or illness)
Centre section of a long bone, shaft
Durchfall
The demarcation of a disease within a group of diseases with similar symptoms
Change in position, shift
Parts removed from the trunk
An excessively pulled muscle. This is an injury to the joints that is caused by going beyond the normal scope of movement, e.g. going over on or twisting one's ankle, and is often linked with a lengthening of the ligamentous apparatus and swelling.
This is the illegal taking of drugs in sport for the purposes of increasing athletic performance
Backwards, on the reverse, at the back
The amount of medicine administered
The drainage of wound fluid or blood from the body
Fortbewegung mit Hilfe von zwei Unterarmgehstützen, wobei immer zwei Stützen voran gesetzt werden
Malformation, maldevelopment, inadequate shaping (e.g. of the hip joint cup)
When the lower leg slides to an abnormal degree against the femur when the knee is bent. Occurs in the case of a torn cruciate ligament at the knee
A measure to reduce the number of germs and to kill pathogens (disease-causing agents) on surfaces, e.g. a patient's skin in the area where surgery is carried out, the surgeon's hands and lower arms
Metall, chemische Abkürzung: Co, ist Hauptbestandteil vieler metallischer Implantate
Abbreviation for «computer aided design»; computer-supported design of an article, e.g. an artificial joint (CAD prosthesis)
A decompression sickness occurring in divers. If a diver resurfaces too fast bubbles of nitrogen are formed in the blood that clog the blood vessels and can cause various abnormalities, pain and paralysis
In important element in building up the hard substance of the bones
Latin: capsule, joint capsule
Latin: head, joint head, femoral head
Abbreviation for «computer aided surgery»; operations where the computer is used as a special aid, e.g. planning robots, navigation
Abbreviation for «caput-collum diaphysis angle», i.e. the angle between the femoral head and femoral neck and the shaft of the femur; in adults this is usually about 125-130°
englisch: Überprüfung, Kontrolle
This means the use of manual techniques, especially in the case of certain functional abnormalities («resetting»).
A cartilage degeneration at the kneecap, often as the result of mechanical damage
Medicines for treating the cartilage in the case of diseases of the joints
Metal, chemical formula: Cr, is an important part of many metal implants
A disease of the cartilage (usually caused by wear and tear)
Always present, proceeding slowly, developing gradually
Shinbone
Chemical formula for Cobalt
Latin: the neck, e.g. femoral neck (collum femoris)
This is a form of brain concussion. It is caused by force being applied to the head and can lead to disturbance of consciousness and a dazed state
X-ray procedure where a computer calculates and displays very fine sectional images of a region of the body, abbreviation: CT
Hormones, known as steroid hormones (the body's own message substances messenger substances) inhibiting inflammation and with anti-allergic effects, e.g. cortisone
Latin: the hip
A form of arthrosis, i.e. degenerative wear and tear of the hip
Acute and sudden inflammation of the hip joint
Abbreviation for chronic polyarthritis, i.e. rheumatism of the joints
Abbreviation for continuous passive motion; it means the permanent, post-operative movement of a joint through motorised, external aids
Chemical formula for chromium
Abbreviation for computer tomography
Elbow
In this context, a custom-made hip prosthesis, for example
Of the skin, e.g. subcutaneous: «under the skin» (as with an injection)
Skin
A blister, a cavity, a hollow, e.g. bone cysts in the development of arthrosis
Dressing with specially applied pressure, used, for example, in the case of bruises or phlebitis
Cortical bone, the firm bone around the shaft of long bones
This is a fracture where the bone is crushed into small pieces
Collapse of the circulation, known in medical circles as "shock"
A group of substances with a high degree of stability and a high melting temperature. Ceramic raw materials often consist of compounds of metals and non-metals
A self-hardening, filling substance between two or several components e.g. bricks, but also between bone and implant
Tube for draining off body fluid, e.g. bladder catheter to drain off urine from the bladder
Curving inwards, hollow
Joint projection, joint head
Treatment not involving surgery
Prefix meaning against, opposite
All factors that do not permit the administration of a certain drug or medicine
Forced position of a joint through the permanent contraction of certain muscles, e.g. due to the shrinkage of the joint capsule or the deformity of joint surfaces
This is the name given to a bruise, usually due to the application of force such as a push or a blow, without injury to the skin. There is bruising to the tissue below the skin and sometimes to the muscles as well, often with haematoma
Anchoring principle in endoprosthetics: the inner conus is locked onto the outer conus, e.g. linking the head and neck of a hip prosthesis
Curved towards the outside
Surgical correction of incorrect positioning of the joint-forming bones
Of the cortical bone, belonging to the cortical bone
Firm bone tissue in long bones, corresponds to the compact bone, cortical bone in contrast to the spongy bone
Ligament connection at the centre of the knee joint, front and rear; the cruciate ligaments prevent the femur from sliding backwards and forwards and over the lower leg
These are substances that considerably delay or prevent the division of the cells. They are mainly used in cancer therapy, but also in various, advanced stages of chronic polyarthritis
A sign of pressure; the nerve that runs through a tendon channel of the muscles of the lower arm close to the wrist (known as the carpal tunnel) is pressed together by the swelling of the synovial membrane. The pressure on the nerve causes pain, burning and a pricking sensation in the region of the hand affected.
Vitreous coating of joint-forming bone surfaces, soft, elastic, resistant to pressure, watery
Gelenk mit zwei Partnern aus demselben Material z.B. Kopf und Pfanne eines künstlichen Hüftgelenkes aus Keramik
Treatment with electricity of certain damaged muscles that are stimulated to produce individual convulsions by means of high-frequency electric contact, e.g. to activate paralysed muscles
Lifting and moving forwards
Blood clot, vascular obliteration through transportation into the bloodstream
Prefix meaning «inside»
An artificial joint, e.g. an artificial knee joint or hip joint
Prefix meaning: on, above, after, outside
(Tennis elbow); mainly occurs after excessive strain to the outer muscles of the lower arm, e.g. during intensive tennis matches causing the muscles and tendons to become inflamed. There is a localised pain at the transition of the tendon into the bone, that can spread down to the hand
The Latin name for «tennis elbow»
A bony projection next to the knee joint surfaces of the femur
Part of a long bone close to a joint, section with epiphyseal line (bone growth line)
A skin rash
An extension bandage with permanent tension, weights being used as a tensile force
aussen, ausserhalb
This means outside of a joint
A limb, leg or arm
Bleeding between the dural membrane und the inner table of the skull caused by an injury. In a matter of hours or in up to 2 days there is pressure on the dural membrane with unconsciousness, paralysis, extended pupils etc.; immediate surgery is called for
This is a type of medicine with a very delayed release of the active agent to achieve a prolonged therapeutic effect
Stretching movement of a joint
A wrapping of connective tissue around the muscles
Concerns the thigh, belonging to the thigh
Long bone of the thigh
Calf-bone
This is a form of arthrosis affecting several finger joints
Tearing of the bone
This means an «external skeletal fixation», a metal frame screwed on outside the body with clamps. With this device open fractures are treated in such a way that the broken body part is immobilised and can heal
Fixing or anchoring an implant, for example
Bending movement of a joint
A loose joint that in sport is usually caused by repeated and excessive stretching of the joint capsules and the ligaments or by dislocations
Process for the manufacture of components (e.g. prosthesis shafts) by reshaping when hot by means of blows or pressure. In contrast to moulding the metals are not melted down
Ambulation on two crutches, e.g. the left crutch being placed forward first followed by the right foot and then the right crutch followed by the left foot
This means a broken bone, an open fracture is a broken bone with an open wound
This is the permanent tensing of a muscle that can usually be moved at will.
Chemical formula for hydroxylapatite
This means repeatedly occurring
Gives the red blood cells their colour, that is the cells that carry oxygen to the tissue
Bleeding causing an accumulation of blood in the tissue or cavities, usually accompanied by swelling. It first appears as a bluish-red and later as a greenish-yellow discoloration
The articular surfaces of an artificial joint are made of the same (hard) material, e.g. metal-metal or ceramic-ceramic
An anti-coagulent drug. Inhibits blood clotting, reverses clotting - is contained in many ointments that are used to treat bruises, contusions, hematoma etc.
A form of arthrosis, usually of several finger joints with the formation of nodes on the top of the end finger joints; may also be accompanied by inflammation at times, but has nothing to do with chronic polyarthritis
This means a rupture
Körperstörung die durch einen Wärmestau im Körper z.B. bei starker Sonnenstrahlung oder schwüler Luft, starker Körperanstrengung, verminderter Wärmeabgabe (Schweiss) auftritt. Folgen sind Bewusstlosigkeit, Krämpfe und Fieber.
This is the application of rapidly pulsating, alternating currents (short wave and microwave ). These create a thermal effect that contributes towards the accelerated healing of many sport injuries such as pulled muscles, dislocations und sprains
Abbreviation for: "HüftTotalEndoProthese" (total hip endoprosthesis), consisting of a hip cup with cup insert, hip shaft and ball head
The bone of the upper arm
A mixture, a cross, a compound, of dual origin, e.g. the hybrid anchoring of a total endoprosthesis: part of the prosthesis is cemented in the bone and the other part is uncemented
A mineral compound of the hard bone substance; it can be manufactured artificially as a ceramic material and serves as a surface coating for uncemented joints, chemical formula: HA
A prefix meaning excessive
A prefix meaning, too little
A joint connection consisting of two materials of differing hardness e.g. metal (head) and polyethylene (cup)
An injury to the cervical vertebrae that occurs when the head and trunk are thrown backwards or forwards too fast, particularly occurring in collision accidents. The heavy pulling and bending of the spine can cause injury to the vertebrae, fractures and torn ligaments
A physical abnormality caused by a build up of heat in the body e.g. in the case of strong sun or sultry air, strong physical exertion, reduced secretion of heat (sweat). The consequences are unconsciousness, cramp and fever
This means that there is blood in the urine
This is the name given to an incomplete fracture of the bone in young people, long bone
Nodes, sagging of the joint capsules
An inflammation of the lining of the stomach
vermehrte Flüssigkeit im Gelenk
Hülle um eine Gelenkhöhle. Sie besteht aus einer zarten Gelenkinnenhaut (Synovialis) und einer äusseren faserigen und festen Schicht.
Raum, der sich zwischen den Gelenkflächen befindet
Congenital, concerning the genes, inherited
Antibiotic that is added to the bone cement in order to prevent infection
Ein aus Gipsbinden hergestellter Verband zur Ruhigstellung von Gelenken und Gliedmassen in einer gewünschten Stellung. Die zuerst weichen Gipsverbände werden in Wasser getaucht und dann am Körper anmodelliert. Sie beginnen nach ca. 30 Minuten fest zu werden.
Abbreviation for "Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung" (statutory health insurance scheme in Germany) e.g. "AOK", "Betriebskrankenkassen" or "Ersatzkassen"
Kombination der Materialien, die bei einem künstlichen Gelenkersatz direkt aufeinander treffen (bilden die Laufflächen des Gelenkes)
dient als Gleitfläche zwischen zwei Gelenkanteilen
This is a sub-group of the corticoides with stronger anti-inflammatory properties than the non-steriod antiphlogistica. As glucocorticoides have considerable side effects if they are administered over a long period, their administration requires regular medical supervision
Buttock, muscles of the backside that also serve to stabilise the hip
Belong to the basis therapeutic drugs used to treat chronic polyarthritis
Degenerative wear and tear (arthrosis) of the knee joint
An inflammation of the knee joint
Abbreviation for intra-muscular (e.g. an injection)
This means intravenous, injected into the vein
Arising of its own accord; in the case of diseases idiopathic means that the cause of a disease is not known; idiopathic arthrosis = arthrosis without any recognisable cause or without any cause known so far
Joint between the ilium bone und the sacrum, i.e. end of the rear pelvic ring
This is actually os ilium, Latin for ilium bone
Lack of movement, restriction of movement, e.g. in the case of a limb or a part of the body
Artificial functional part that is implanted into the body as a replacement
The area of application for a medicine or surgery
The penetration of germs, such as bacteria, into the body
Prefix for under, after, later
Administration of medicines or solutions of active agents into the vein
The sliding surface of an artificial joint that is put into a metal case and that serves as a partner for the prosthesis head
Riss des Seitenbandes an der Innenseite des Knies. Eine typische Verletzung von Fussballspielern und Skifahrern. Die durch Drehen und Abwinkeln des Unterschenkels mit plötzlichem Abbremsen hervorgerufen wird.
This has the same meaning as inlay
mangelnde Festigkeit
In this context a surgical tool, apparatus
between
Prefix meaning inside
This means located inside a joint
Schmerzen im Bereich der Ischiasnerven
Ruhe- oder auch Bewegungsschmerz, der im Bereich des Ischiasnerven auftritt, vom Rücken in die Beine zieht und von Muskelhartspann und Wirbelsäulenstarre begleitet wird. Das Ischiassyndrom wird durch Bandscheibenveränderungen (z.B. Bandscheibenvorfall) in der Lendenwirbelsäule verursacht und kann mit einem „Hexenschuss" (Lumbago) beginnen.
The tensing of a muscle without any visible contraction of the muscle
The visible contraction of a muscle at constant tension
Suffix that always indicates an inflammation and a sudden pathological condition, e.g. gonitis: inflammation of the knee joint
This means that the start of a movement, e.g. that of a person suffering from arthrosis, is painful. The pain partly abates after the patient has been moving for some time as the joint is then sufficiently well «lubricated»
Rinsing the bone with a pulsating jet of water to remove marrow tissue from the gaps in the bone and to make room for the cement
A sub-form of chronic polyarthritis. It starts in young people under the age of 15. Only one joint is usually affected on the onset of the disease
The wrapping around a joint cavity. It consists of a tender joint membrane inside (synovialis) and an outer layer which is fibrous and firm
The space between the surfaces of a joint
Latin for side, sideways
French for washing, rinsing; rinsing to remove marrow tissue from the bone in order to create space for bone cement and to allow it to penetrate
kombinierte Zusammensetzung aus verschiedenen Metallen mit deutlich verbesserten Eigenschaften gegenüber den reinen Metallen. So sind alle Hüftschäfte aus Legierungen hergestellt.
This is a tough band of connective tissue that stabilises a joint, for example a joint ligament such as the cruciate ligament
Local therapy where the place of application and the place that the therapy takes effect are identical, e.g. the use of ointments, bandages etc. in the case of diseases of the skin, wounds, bruises and pulled muscles
Local therapy where the place of application and the place that the therapy takes effect are identical, e.g. the use of ointments, bandages etc. in the case of diseases of the skin, wounds, bruises and pulled muscles
englisch: geringe Reibung, Prinzip der geringen Reibung zwischen den Gelenkpartnern und damit Verschleissarmut eines Kunstgelenkes
A sudden, usually pricking pain in the small of the back, accompanied by the inability to move and hardened muscles
Latin: pertaining to the lumbar spine
A dislocation; the dislocation of two joint surfaces from their normal position so that the joint can no longer be properly moved
An abnormal reduction in the number white blood cells
The joint can no longer be completely stretched or bent
Druckzeichen. Der Nerv, der durch einen Sehnenkanal der handgelenksnahen Unterarmmuskulatur (sogenannter Karpaltunnel) läuft, wird durch Schwellungen der Sehnenscheiden zusammengedrückt. Der Nervendruck löst Schmerzen, Brennen und Stechen im Bereich der betroffenen Hand aus.
Röhre zur Ableitung von Körperflüssigkeiten, z.B. Blasenkatheter zur Ableitung von Urin aus der Harnblase
Gruppe von Stoffen mit hoher Festigkeit und hoher Schmelztemperatur. Keramische Rohstoffe bestehen häufig aus Verbindungen von Metallen und Nichtmetallen
Verfahren zur Abbildung von Köperregionen mit elektromagnetischen Wellen. In verschiedenen Ebenen werden Schnittbilder erzeugt. Auch Weichgewebe, wie Kapsel, Sehne, Muskel oder Knorpel können zur Darstellung gebracht werden. Gleichbedeutend mit Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT)
Gewebsverlust an gelenknahen Knochenoberflächen und stellt im Röntgenbild ein typisches Zeichen der chronischen Polyarthritis dar.
schnellhärtender Kunststoff auf der Basis von Plexiglas zum Fixieren von Kunstgelenken im Knochen. Im noch zähflüssigen Zustand dringt der Knochenzement in Lücken und Spalten des Knochens ein und sorgt nach seiner Erstarrung für eine stabile Verankerung des Implantates
glasiger Überzug von gelenkbildenden Knochenoberflächen, weich, elastisch, druckstabil, wasserreich
Kreislaufzusammenbruch, medizinisch bezeichnet als Schock
verträglich
Verband mit dosiertem Druck, z.B. bei Prellungen oder Venenentzündung
Gelenkfortsatz, Gelenkkopf
nach innen gewölbt, hohl
Behandlung ohne Operation
Vorsilbe für: gegen, wider, gegenüber
alle Gegebenheiten, die eine Anwendung eines Arzneistoffes nicht zulassen
Zwangsstellung eines Gelenkes durch Dauerverkürzung bestimmter Muskeln, z.B. durch Schrumpfung der Gelenkkapsel oder Verwachsung von Gelenkflächen
Prellung, meist durch Gewalteinwirkungen wie Stoss, Schlag ohne Verletzung der Haut. Dabei kommt es zu Quetschungen des Unterhautgewebes, manchmal auch der Muskulatur, oft mit Blutergüssen.
Kegel, Verankerungsprinzip in der Endoprothetik: auf Aussenkonen (männlich) werden Innenkonen (weiblich) gesteckt; z.B. Steckverbindung zwischen Hals und Kopf einer Hüftprothese
nach aussen gewölbt, erhaben
häufige Form der Meniskusverletzung, bei der der Meniskus in Längsrichtung gerissen ist
vom Rindenknochen ausgehend, zum Rindenknochen gehörig
festes Knochengewebe im Röhrenknochen, entspricht Kompakta, Knochenrinde; im Gegensatz zur Spongiosa
Bandverbindung im Zentrum des Kniegelenkes; vorderes und hinteres Kreuzband; die Kreuzbänder verhindern ein Vorwärts- und Rückwärtsgleiten des Oberschenkels gegenüber dem Unterschenkel, sog. Schublade
abbreviation for Knee Total Endoprosthesis
Increased fluid in the joint
The inflammation of only one joint
Means affecting only one joint
A frequent phenomenon experienced by patients suffering from chronic polyarthritis (PcP) with painful inhibition of the functions of the joints lasting at least 15 minutes and disappearing of its own accord during the course of the morning or by holding and bending the joint in warm water
Abbreviation for magnetic resonance tomography
Latin: actually means a little mouse, the muscle, abbreviation: m
Abbreviation for musculus
Procedure for displaying parts of the body with electro-magnetic waves. Sectional images are generated on various levels. Soft tissue such as capsules, tendons, muscles and cartilages can also be displayed; abbreviation: MRT
lateinisch: grösser, der grössere
Raum im Röhrenknochen, beim Erwachsenen gefüllt mit Fettgewebe
Verschlussstopfen aus Knochen, Polyethylen oder Gelatine, um ein zu tiefes Eintreten des Knochenzementes in die Markhöhle zu verhindern; englisch: Plug
A breakages of the bone in the centre of the foot after excessive and unaccustomed strain, such after a very long march
Latin: in the middle, towards the centre (of the body)
Surgical removal of the meniscus or of parts of it
A cartilaginous, mobile intra-joint disc in the shape of a half moon at the knee joint between the thigh and the shinbone; there is an inner and an outer meniscus
The tearing of a knee joint meniscus as a result of excessive strain
The science of the melting of metals from ores, of the cleaning, refinement and processing of metals
Pertaining to metallurgy
lateinisch: kleiner, der kleinere
englisch: beweglich. Initiative der AE zur verbesserten Aufklärung und Unterrichtung von Patienten mit Gelenkerkrankungen; Patientenschule und Patientenzeitschrift
Making a joint mobile
Beweglichkeit
Dauerverspannung eines üblicherweise willkürlich bewegbaren Muskels.
This is a sudden, usually painful contraction of the muscles that often occurs in the case of fatigue, under-nourishment of the muscle or excessive strain
The ossification of a muscle that can occur as a late consequence of a local injury to a muscle
The tearing of the side ligament on the inside of the knee, a typical injury suffered by football players and skiers that is caused by a suddenly curbed rotation und bending of the lower leg
Cavity in a long bone, filled with fatty tissue in the case of adults
This is a frequent form of injury to the meniscus where the meniscus is torn lengthwise
Numbness, deadening of pain, obliteration of consciousness
Procedure for the more exact steering and placing of instruments and implants. Can be carried out optically, with infra-red rays or electro-magnetically
durch ein bestimmtes Arzneimittel erzeugte unerwünschte Begleit- oder Folgewirkungen
The dying away of bony parts due to a reduced flow of blood through the bone
These are sudden pains in the area affected by a nerve. The term is often used for the pain felt in the case of neuritis
This means killing pain through the administration of local anaesthetics
Inflammatory disease of a nerve
In terms of chemistry, the body's own hormone; cortisone is a steroid and has a very strong effect in inhibiting inflammation. All anti-inflammatory drugs that contain no cortisone are therefore referred to as «non steroidal»
Abbreviation for a non steroidal antirheumaticum; Group of medicines that inhibit inflammation and relieve pain, as administered in the case of chronic pain. They do not contain cortisone
A phenomenon that occurs on deep-sea diving and that is similar to intoxication through alcohol. After a stage of euphoria, psychological disturbances, uncontrolled movements, can lead to unconsciousness and death
Four -headed knee extension muscle
An accumulation of water in body tissue
Means only affecting a few joints
lateinisch: durch den Mund, z.B. Aufnahme von Medikamenten, z.B. Tabletten
External stabilisation aid with splints and mobile elements for the stabilisation and guidance of joints (when there is a lack of muscle guidance)
Prefix for straight, upright, in a straight direction
Physician who specialises in orthopaedics
Science of the development, prevention and treatment of congenital or acquired malfunctions or diseases in the form and function of the musculoskeletal system
Latin for bone
Suffix that describes a long-lasting, gradually developing disease, i.e. a chronic disease, e.g. arthrosis
Pertaining to the bone
New formation of bone, even where it is misplaced, e.g. in muscle or capsule tissue after a hip operation
A degeneration of the bone and the cartilage
Dissolution or degeneration of bone tissue
A bacterial inflammation of the bone
Greek for bone
(Bone spurs); these are localised and formations of extra bone at the edges of the joint, often inhibiting mobility, a typical sign of arthrosis
Loss of bone mass and density; this can be caused by old-age, medicines or disease and is accompanied by increasing brittleness (loss of stability)
The treatment of bone fractures through surgery. The bone parts that have been separated by the fracture are placed back together again without any gaps and joined by screws, nails or plates
Surgical procedure to correct dislocated bones
Vibrating, swinging, swaying
This is a sudden pathological process in a chronic illness (e.g. in the case of primary chronic polyarthritis). The sudden reoccurrence of pain and inflammation in organs such as joints after a long period without any symptoms
lateinisch: untätig, unselbständig
The kneecap
Pertaining to the kneecap
Science of diseases, their development and consequences for the organs
Abbreviation for primary chronic polyarthritis, the scientific term for rheumatism
In this context: abbreviation for polyethylene, a white polymer plastic
lateinisch: Becken
Examination by feeling and touching
Prefix meaning total, all-embracing, everything
A basic therapy for chronic polyarthritis
Prefix for through
Prefix for around, near
("Frozen shoulder") a painful inflammation at the shoulder joint that impairs its functions, although the joint itself is usually not affected. It is a form of rheumatism that affects the soft tissue
Around a joint
Concerning a surgical operation, that is the time before, during and after the operation
This is the skin of the bone
Outside, at the edge, distant, away from the centre
Treatment through the skin. In this way the medicines in an ointment penetrate the skin and the underlying tissue
This an a vein inflammation
A therapy that can be used for many sport injuries with physical movements, partly in combination with medicines. It includes gymnastics, under water movements, medicinal baths, heat therapy and cold therapy
Treatment of illnesses by natural means such as baths, massages, gymnastics, light etc.
Abbreviation in German for "Private Krankenversicherung" (private health insurance)
Production, restoration, reformation; restoration of a diseased section of tissue using the body's own material and also artificial material
In this instance the bearing surface of the shinbone or the shinbone part of a knee prosthesis
This is applied in the marrow cavity in order to prevent the still viscous bone cement from penetrating any deeper
Abbreviation for PolyMethylMethAcrylate, the chemical term for bone cement
Greek: polis = town, i.e. the "clinic for the town" where out-patients are treated
Prefix meaning many, several, multiple
Means inflammations of several joints occurring simultaneously or in succession; medical term for rheumatism
Means affecting many joints
A relatively soft, long-chain plastic used to make the socket component and bearing surfaces for artificial joints, e.g. cup insert for hip joints, bearing for knee endprostheses, abbreviation: PE
Plastic consisting of comparatively large, individual parts that combine to form a long chain
Chemical name for the self-hardening plastic that is used as bone cement; this is therefore an acrylic resin, i.e. plexiglass; abbreviation: PMMA
This is a multiple injury
Prefix for after, later
After surgery
This is a pathological condition that favours the development of arthrosis, e.g. congenital dislocations that lead to above-average strain on the joint causing greater wear and tear
Prefix for before, prior to
Before surgery
Press-fit is an uncemented implantation technique where parts of the prosthesis are firmly pressed into a small, preformed bone socket, thus giving it stability
In the case of illnesses and diseases the word primary means that no genuine causes are known, e.g. primary arthrosis = arthrosis without any hitherto known cause
Is often equated with "rheumatism" in everyday speech. It is a disease of the connective tissue that is not restricted to any certain regions. Other tissue such as tendons, synovial membranes, muscles, vessels and nerves are very often affected as well. Some signs are typical. These include the rheumatoid factor, rheumatic nodes and certain types of deformation. Fairly frequent complications are Raynaud's syndrome and the Carpal tunnel syndrome
Wound care means the initial treatment of a wound after an injury. If a wound needs to be stitched (primary wound closure), this should be done within the first 6 hours after the injury
Stability and firmness of the position of a prosthesis immediately after implantation
Prefix meaning, instead of, for, before
Forecast for the course of a disease and the chances of healing
Preventative measures
Artificial replacement of an organ section or part of a limb
Latin: close to the trunk
Incorrect formation of the joints; it is caused when a fracture does not heal and the bone parts remain mobile in relation to each other
Puncturing a vessel, organ or joint with a hollow needle; in the case of sport injuries also to remove fluid when knee-joint effusion occurs
A cast made of plaster used to immobilise joints and limbs in a desired position. The initially soft plaster casts are dipped in water and then modelled to the body. They start to harden after about 30 minutes
A pain that occurs in the region of the sciatic nerve when resting or in motion and which moves from the back to the legs accompanied by hardened muscles and rigidity of the spine. Piriformis syndrome is caused by changes to the inter-vertebral discs (e.g. disc prolapsis) in the lumbar spine and can start with lumbago
These are nodes of tissue that are connected with an inflammation of the blood vessels and that occur in patients with very advanced chronic polyarthritis. They often occur around the elbows.
englisch: Befreiung, Freimachen, Lösen; z.B.: Release der Kniescheibe bedeutet Befreiung der Kniescheibe von zu strenger Bandführung
Measures taken after surgery to restore the mobility and load-bearing capacity of a limb
To reset(a joint or a fracture)
Cutting out, cutting off, removing
Removal of degenerative joint parts without replacing them by artificial implants
Reabsorption, assimilation
Arzneimittelform mit einer verzögerten und kontrollierten Freigabe des Wirkstoffes. Dient der Erzielung einer verlängerten therapeutischen Wirkung.
Science of the application of X-rays to display body parts (X-ray) and to treat diseases
A disease of the blood vessels that often occurs in the preliminary phase of chronic polyarthritis and that causes the hands to have a poor circulation of blood and be sensitive to cold
Vorsilbe für: zurück, wider, wieder
Draining of blood and wound fluid after surgery through permanent suction; named after the French ear, nose and throat specialist, Redon
The resetting of a joint
Medical, social and vocational measures for reintegration and the restoration of capabilities
This is the ossification of the thigh muscles occurring in riders
A clinical picture where there are usually three simultaneous symptoms: inflammation of the urethra (urethritis), inflammation of the iris of the eye (conjunctivitis) and polyarthritis
Behandlung bestimmter geschädigter Muskeln, die über Stromkontakt zu Einzelzuckungen gereizt werden, z.B. zur Aktivierung gelähmter Muskeln
Surgical severing of the retinaculum, e.g. holding the knee disc; corresponds to a release operation
Bands holding the tendons or the kneecap, for example, in place
Fresh surgery in an area where surgery has already been performed
Rückfall; die Wiederholung einer Erkrankung nachdem diese schon abgeklungen war
Greek for flowing: an inflammatory disease of the joints affecting various joints at different times; the disease flows through the body
A factor that can be determined in the blood and that can be found in the large majority of patients suffering from chronic polyarthritis
These are nodes of tissue that are connected with an inflammation of the blood vessels and that occur in patients with very advanced chronic polyarthritis. They often occur around the elbows
This is an acute illness with fever and inflammation of the joints, usually lasting just a few weeks. It is a consequence of a streptococcen infection (certain type of bacteria ) that not infrequently starts in the throat area
A collective term for diseases of the musculoskeletal system (muscles, skeleton etc. ) that cause pain and restrict movement and that can also cause diseases of internal organs (heart, lungs, liver etc.) , A distinction is made between the following three forms: 1. Inflammatory rheumatism: concerns inflammations of all tissue around the joints such as bones, cartilage, synovialis, ligaments etc. 2. Degenerative rheumatism: changes mainly to the cartilage and bone tissue around the joint without genuine inflammation, usually a result of wear and tear 3. Soft-tissue rheumatism: concerns the soft parts of the musculoskeletal system surrounding the joints
Pertaining to diseases that do not belong to the rheumatic diseases. Their clinical picture is similar to that of rheumatism, but they are inflammations of the joints following infections
Apparatus for the automatic execution of manual labour; surgical robots can carry out parts of an operation, such as cutting the bone socket for an implant
Bruch mehrerer übereinanderliegender Rippen, vor allem der mittleren Rippen
Apparatus for the automatic execution of manual labour; surgical robots can carry out parts of an operation, such as cutting the bone socket for an implant.
meint Drehung. Aussenrotation ist die Drehung, z.B. der Beine nach aussen; Innenrotation eine Drehung nach innen
A bandage that draws the shoulders backwards and serves to relieve the ends of a facture of the collar-bone
Tearing, of a tendon, for example
Vorsilbe für. rück, zurück, rückwärtig, nach hinten
This pertains to a relapse, the repetition of a disease after the symptoms have already abated
An inflammation of the mucous membrane of the mouth
Planned scientific study or analysis of a certain question, e.g. the durability of an uncemented, total hip prosthesis or the type of pain suffered after joint replacement
Joint with two partners made of the same material, e.g. the head and the cup of an artificial hip joint made of metal
Abbreviation for subcutaneous, i.e. below the skin, e.g. heparin injections for the prevention of thrombosis
Halswirbelsäulenverletzung, die durch zu schnelle Zurück- und Vorbeugung von Kopf und Rumpf, vor allem bei Auffahrunfällen auftritt. Die starke Streckung und Beugung der Wirbelsäule kann dabei zu Wirbelverletzungen, Brüchen und Bänderrissen führen.
loses, lockeres Gelenk, das im Sport meist durch wiederholte Gelenkkapsel- und Bandüberdehnung oder Ausrenkungen herbeigeführt wurde
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bauteilen (z.B. Prothesenschäfte) durch Umformen im erwärmten Zustand mittels Schlag oder Druck. Im Gegensatz zum Giessen werden die Metalle nicht flüssig gemacht
im allgemeinen Sprachgebrauch auch als Kollaps bezeichnet. Ist ein Anfall allgemeiner Schwäche aufgrund von Kreislaufversagen, verursacht durch Blutdruckabfall. Dadurch wird auch die Hirndurchblutung zu stark herabsetzt, was dann zu Schwindel oder Bewusstlosigkeit führt.
plötzlich auftretender Krankheitsprozess einer chronischen Dauererkrankung (z.B. bei Primär chronischer Polyarthritis). Das plötzliche Wiederauftreten von Schmerzen und Entzündungszeichen an Organen, z.B. Gelenken, nach einer längeren symptomarmen Phase.
abnorm weite Verschiebbarkeit des Unterschenkels gegen den Oberschenkel bei gebeugtem Knie. Tritt bei Kreuzbandriss am Knie auf.
aus Bindegewebe bestehende Endteile der Muskeln und das Verbindungsstück zwischen Muskeln und Knochen
Doppelwandige Gleitröhre um die Sehnen herum, mit schleimiger Flüssigkeit zwischen Innen- und Aussenhaut. Vermeidet Reibung der Sehnen an besonders beanspruchten Abschnitten.
In the case of illnesses and diseases secondary means that a cause is known or there is an explanation; secondary arthrosis therefore means that the cause of the arthrosis is known.
General infection of the entire organism
Prone to inflammation, caused by pathogens (disease-causing agents)
Proportion of water, salts and proteins in the blood without coagulents and cells
Surgical knife
Gerippe, Knochengerüst
schmerzhafter Druckpunkt (ca. 2,5cm oberhalb des inneren Kniegelenkspalts) der beim Innenbandriss (häufig beim Skifahren) auftritt
Hardening, thickening; e.g. sclerosis of the bone = thickening of the bone in arthritic joint sections
This is a shock (collapse) that is caused by a boxer's punch in the region of the upper pit of the stomach
Display of sections of the body with sound-waves; e.g. examinations in pregnancy or examinations of the hip in the case of infants
Gelenksperre, wobei das Gelenk nicht mehr in vollem Umfang gestreckt (Strecksperre) bzw. gebeugt (Beugesperre) werden kann
Belonging to the spine
Slippage of the vertebrae; this usually means the lumber spine slipping forwards in the region of the 5th lumbar vertebra. Often occurs in gymnastics and trampoline jumping
A disease of wear and tear to the vertebral discs. The disease also attacks the neighbouring vertebrae. It is mainly a disease suffered by older people and is a form of arthrosis
Spongy bone, e.g. at the ends of long bones and forming the content of flat bones
This is a creeping, usually no longer fully healable disease that is caused by excessive or one-sided sport. It is mainly a form of wear and tear to the cartilage of the joints which then leads to arthrosis
Closing a wound without stitches but by using metal staples
Free of germs, infertile
A group of substances with a certain chemical structure to which hormones, such as cortisone, also belong
Mieder mit eingenähtem Gerüst zur Abstützung und Ruhigstellung der Wirbelsäule
Fixationsverband, z.B. ein harter Bindenverband zur Ruhigstellung eines Körperteils, bei Knochenbrüchen, Verrenkungen und nach Knochenoperationen
Prefix meaning under, below, too little, incomplete
Latin for "under the skin", e.g. injection of heparin or insulin, abbreviation: s.c.
Bleeding caused by an injury inside the inner table of the skull and below the dural membrane. The bleeding leads to pressure on the brain which means that phenomena such as unconsciousness, paralysis or somatic disturbances can occur within differing periods of time (from hours to weeks)
Partial dislocation, incomplete dislocation of a joint (often automatically reset)
Prefix meaning excessive
Administration of active agents through the mucous membrane of the (large) intestine
Prefix meaning above, on top of, better, more
The way in which a disease or illness manifests itself
A clinical picture with several characteristic symptoms
Surgical removal of diseased joint tissue
This means the "joint lubricant", a joint fluid that is formed by the mucous membrane of the joints
Is the inner skin of a joint
Inflammation of the inner skin of a joint
Bildliche Darstellung von Stoffwechselvorgängen oder Organfunktionen mit Hilfe von radioaktiven Substanzen; z.B. Knochen- oder Skelettszintigraphie
Hardening, thickening; e.g. sclerosis of the bone = thickening of the bone in arthritic joint sections
Pain in the region of the sciatic nerve
Imaging of metabolic processes or organic functions with the aid of radioactive substances, e.g. bone or skeletal scintigraphy
Double-walled sheaths around the tendons with a mucous fluid between the inner and the outer skin. Avoids friction to the tendons in sections exposed to particular strain
A corset with a sewn-in frame to support and immobilise the spinal cord
A fixation bandage, e.g. a hard bandage to immobilise part of the body, used in the case of fractures, dislocations and after bone surgery
Plug made of bone, polyethylene or gelatine in order to prevent the bone cement penetrating too deeply into the marrow cavity
Serves as a sliding surface between two parts of a joint
Undesirable accompanying or subsequent effects of a certain medicine
Also referred to as a collapse in everyday speech. This is a state of general weakness due to cardiovascular failure, caused by a drop in blood pressure. This excessively reduces the flow of blood through the brain causing dizziness or loss of consciousness
A facture of several ribs lying one above the other, mainly the centre ribs
Combination of the materials that directly meet in an artificial joint (form the bearing surfaces of the joint)
Ambulation (walking) with the aid of two crutches, the two crutches always being placed forward first
This is a pathological change to the bone-tendon transition due to excessive mechanical strain, e.g. what is known as «tennis elbow»
This is Greek for tendon, end part of the muscle, a cord of fibrous tissue between bone and muscle, transmitting the pull of the muscle to the bone
This is an inflammation of the synovial membrane
This is an inflammation of the tendons and muscles, mainly after excessive strain to the outer muscles of the lower arm, e.g. during intensive tennis matches; there is a localised pain at the transition of the tendoninto the bone, that can spread down to the hand
This is a sudden and serious infection that is caused by the poison of the tetanus bacillus and manifests itself in a cramp-like rigidity of the muscles. All injuries with an open wound (wounds to the skin!) are exposed to the risk of a tetanus infection. This is why everyone who suffers an open wound should be injected against tetanus if the patient does not already have sufficient protection through vaccination
A rubber band for independent exercise therapy to stretch and strengthen the muscles
Treatment of diseases, healing
Local treatment where the place of application and the place of therapy are identical, e.g. suitable in cases of diseases of the skin and the mucous membrane, wounds, bruises and pulled muscles
This means general therapy where the medicine first enters the blood and is then transported to the desired place of therapy in the body. Examples are tablets, injections etc.
An abnormal reduction in the platelets in the blood. Platelets are needed for coagulation, e.g. after an injury
Blood clot, usually in the veins, but also in the arteries; if a thrombus detaches itself and swims through the blood stream, it becomes an embolus
Chemical formula for: titanium
Shinbone, the larger bone of the lower leg
Erscheinung, die beim Tieftauchen auftritt und einem Alkoholrausch ähnelt. Nach einem Stadium mit Euphorie, Denkstörungen, unkontrollierten Bewegungen, kann es zu Bewusstlosigkeit und Tod führen.
A very, tough, light metal that is resistant to corrosion; chemical formula: Ti
Sectional image, e.g. computer tomography = sectional images with an X-ray procedure where a computer rapidly calculates and displays image formations
Rotation, axial rotation; antetorsion = forward rotation, retrotorsion = backward rotation
gesamt, völlig, ganz, alles
French for turnstile, arrest of blood supply to restrict or completely interrupt the flow of blood for the duration of surgery
Prefix meaning across, on the other side, yonder
The injection of blood from a donor into the bloodstream
This is the Greek word for an injury or wound
This is the science of the causation, treatment, prevention and consequences of injuries
This is the science of the friction, wear and tear and lubrication of bodies/joint connections that move against each other; it is actually a term taken from mechanical engineering
Bony projection at the femur. The large Trochanter major, can be felt near the hip at the upper end of the outer side of the femur (minor = on the inside)
Knochenbruch mit mehreren Einzelbruchstücken
Pipe, tube; tube into the trachea (windpipe) to supply oxygen during a narcosis = intubation narcosis
Abbreviation for "total knee arthroplasty"consisting of an artificial femur, and artificial lower leg and sliding partners, if necessary also with an artificial knee disc
A cord of fibrous tissue at the end of a muscle consisting of connective tissue and the connector between muscle and bone
Ulcer, crater; an ulcer always means a loss of tissue; in contrast a tumour is always an increase in tissue
A typical sign of chronic polyarthritis, a deviation of all long fingers from the thumb
operative Korrektur von Fehlstellungen der gelenkbildenden Knochen
Prefix meaning, one, single, one-sided, alone
Concerning only one joint head, e.g. in the case of knee prostheses where only one side is replaced, either on the inside or, more rarely, only on the outside
One-sided, only affecting one side of the body
An inflammation of the iris of the eyes
Bent, not straight, bent towards the body (knock-kneed)
Bent, bent away from the body (bow-legged)
Broad, large, muscle belly
Gang an zwei Unterarmgehstützen, wobei kreuzweise Beine und Stützen vorangestellt werden
These are stimulating substances that lead to a short-term increase in physical powers and capabilities, but also to euphoria, inner unrest, lack of concentration and insomnia. The use of weckamines in highly powered sport is known as doping and is prohibited
gelenkige Verbindung zweier unterschiedlich harter Materialien; z.B. Metall (-Kopf) und Polyethylen (-Pfanne)
selbsthärtender Füllstoff zwischen zwei oder mehreren Bauteilen; z.B. Ziegel, aber auch Knochen und Implantat
A stiff pressure bandage padded at sensitive areas of the skin and made of zinc paste or gauze bandages; the bandages are coated with a warmed mass of zinc gelatine after they have been applied
Ceramic material that is used to make ball heads und as a an X-ray contrast medium in bone cements, chemical formula: ZrO2
Chemical formula for the ceramic material zirconium oxide
Substanzen, die die Zellteilung erheblich verzögern oder verhindern. Sie finden vor allem in der Krebstherapie Anwendung, werden aber auch verschiedentlich in fortgeschrittenen Stadien der chronischen Polyarthritis eingesetzt.